Overview
See MDN 'Function properties'isFinite()
Returns false if the argument is NaN, positive infinity or negative infinity.
isNaN()
Returns true if the argument, when coerced to a numeric value, is an IEEE-754 'Not A Number' value.
parseInt()
Parses a string up to the first non-digit character (whereas the Number() function parses the entire string as a number).
See What's the difference between parseInt and Number?
parseFloat()
Parses a string up to the first non-digit character (whereas the Number() function parses the entire string as a float).
encodeURI()
Encodes the entire URI, preserving special chars required for GET and POST requests (e.g., "&" and "="). To encode user entered data, that could contain these chars, use encodeURIComponent() on each component of user data making up the URI.
encodeURIComponent()
Encodes user data, used as a component of a URI.